Other past advocates of utilitarianism include William Godwin and Henry Sidgwick modern-day advocates include R.M. For example, some philosophers reject the sole importance of well-being and argue that there are intrinsic values other than happiness or pleasure, e.g.
As a result, there now exist many different accounts of the good, and therefore many different types of consequentialism besides utilitarianism. The classic utilitarianism of Bentham and Mill influenced many other philosophers and the development of the broader concept of consequentialism. Like Bentham's formulation, Mill's utilitarianism is hedonistic, because it deals with pleasure or happiness. A competent judge, according to Mill, is anyone who has experienced both the lower pleasures and the higher.
In his famous (and short) book, Utilitarianism, John Stuart Mill argued that cultural, intellectual, and spiritual pleasures are of greater value than mere physical pleasure, because the former would be valued more highly by competent judges than the latter. John was educated according to Bentham's principles, including transcribing and summarising much of his father's work whilst still in his teens." Jeremy Bentham's foremost proponent was James Mill, a significant philosopher in his day and the father of John Stuart Mill. Later, after realizing that the formulation recognized two different and potentially conflicting principles, he dropped the second part and talked simply about "the greatest happiness principle." From the principle of utility, Bentham found pain and pleasure to be the only intrinsic values in the world: "nature has put man under the governance of two sovereign masters: pleasure and pain." From this he derived the rule of utility: that the good is whatever brings the greatest happiness to the greatest number of people. Utilitarianism was originally proposed by Jeremy Bentham. According to them, the interests of animals and possibly even extraterrestrial beings have importance. While it is natural to consider only the well being of humans when interpreting this doctrine, some utilitarians count the interests of any and all sentient beings when assessing overall utility. Utility-the good to be maximized- has been defined by various thinkers as happiness, pleasure, or well-being. Utilitarianism (from the Latin utilis, useful) is the ethical doctrine that the moral worth of an action is solely determined by its contribution to overall utility.
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